Osteoporosis is known as a “silent disease” because it grows gradually without showing early signs. It weakens bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures — especially in the hips, spine, and wrists. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and prevention of osteoporosis can help maintain strong bones and prevent long-term complications.
Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones lose density and strength over time. Healthy bones are constantly being broken down and rebuilt, but with osteoporosis, the bone loss happens faster than the body can replace it. As a result, bones become porous, brittle, and more likely to fracture from minor falls or even simple movements.
Osteoporosis often has no early warning signs, but as the disease progresses, the following symptoms may appear:
Frequent or unexpected bone fractures
Back pain caused by a collapsed vertebra
Loss of height over time
A stooped or hunched posture
Weak or brittle nails
Because symptoms appear only after bone damage has occurred, early diagnosis through medical screening is essential.
Causes and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis
Several factors contribute to the development of osteoporosis. Common causes and risk factors include:
Age: Bone density naturally decreases with age.
Menopause: Women, especially postmenopausal, are at higher risk.
Hormonal changes: Low estrogen levels in women or low testosterone in men.
Poor diet: Lack of calcium, vitamin D, and protein weakens bones.
Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity reduces bone strength.
Smoking and alcohol: Both can interfere with calcium absorption and bone formation.
Understanding these risk factors helps in taking preventive steps early in life.
Prevention is the best approach to managing osteoporosis. Here are key ways to protect your bones:
Eat a balanced diet: Include foods rich in calcium (like dairy products and leafy greens) and vitamin D (from sunlight and fortified foods).
Exercise regularly: Weight-bearing activities such as walking, jogging, or yoga help strengthen bones.
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
Ensure a healthy weight level:Underweight can negatively affect bone strength and health.
Take supplements: If needed, consult your doctor for calcium and vitamin D supplements.
Small lifestyle changes can make a big difference in preserving bone health.
Doctors diagnose osteoporosis using a bone density test (DEXA scan). This simple, painless test measures the strength and density of bones. Additional blood tests may be done to check vitamin D, calcium, and hormone levels to determine the underlying cause.
Consult a doctor if you experience:
Persistent back pain
Sudden loss of height
Frequent fractures
Early menopause or long-term steroid use
Early diagnosis can prevent fractures and improve your quality of life.
Osteoporosis is a manageable condition when detected early. By maintaining a healthy diet, staying active, and going for regular checkups, you can keep your bones strong and reduce your risk of fractures.
For expert diagnosis, personalized treatment, and bone health management, consult the best orthopedic surgeon in Basaveshwaranagar for comprehensive and compassionate care.